TIL

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Our Interests
Our interest is wide from visual art to natural science - our aim being to make the Burmese speech in Myanmar script (Bur-Myan) known to the world. We note two things about the Myanmar script. Firstly, it IS the unifying script used by all natives of the country of Myanmar from Karen, Mon, to Shan to write their spoken languages. Secondly, it is a phonetic script very much like the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) but much older - at least by many centuries - perhaps by millenniums.

Contact persons:
• U Han Tun, (B.A, Dip. Ed.)
• Daw Khin Wutyi (BSc., Botany)
- TIL Computing and Language Centre,
  35 Thantadalan, Sanchaung, Yangon, Myanmar
- Phones: 01-527388, 09-5113477

Contents of this page

• A Practical Sanskrit dictionary by A. A. Macdonell
   ¤ vowels - Mac-indx.htm
   ¤ consonants (incomplete) - Mac2-indx.htm
• Inter-Linguistic study: BEPS
• U Tin Maung {þaip~pän mhu:ting}

Contents of this page

Inter-linguistic study: BEPS
(Burmese-English-Pali-Sanskrit speeches
in Myanmar-Latin-Devanagari scripts)

- by U Kyaw Tun, M.S. (I.P.S.T., U.S.A.), Daw Khin Wutyi, B.Sc., and staff of TIL Computing and Language Centre, 35 Thantadalan, Sanchaung, Yangon, Myanmar.

Note: English transliterations such as IAST, ITRANS, Harvard-Kyoto are helpful but sometimes misleading. This is especially true if we forget that the transliteration is quite different from transcription which gives the pronunciation. The best is to study these languages (at least just words and phrases) in the original scripts. Remember, there is a world of difference between the International Pali (exemplified by U Pe Maung Tin English-Pali Dictionary ) and Pali-Myanmar (exemplified by U Hoke Sein Pali-Myanmar Dictionary ). From U Hoke Sein you can get the pronunciation of the Pali used in Myanmar if you can read the Myanmar script. This is important because the language used by Gautama Buddha to preach to the people of his region was Prakrit and NOT Sanskrit, and the Prakrit in use was a Tibeto-Burmese language just like the present day Burmese. However, if you are unable to read Myanmar script rely on Romabama which I am transforming from a transliteration to a phonemic transcription.) [Remember: {û} of Romabama is the same as IPA /ʌ/ as in English <cut> not as in <put>; {þ} is /θ/ as in English <thin> not /s/ nor /ʃ/ as in English <ship>.]

Examples, from Dhammapada, http://www.theosociety.org/pasadena/dhamma/dhamglos.htm
Pali	Sanskrit	Meaning	Verse
amata 025 {a.ma.ta.} 0118	अमृत amrita	immortality	21
appamada 020 {ûp~pa.ma-da.} 0097	अप्रमाद   apramāda	vigilance, conscientiousness [SpkSkt: adj. cautious]	Canto II
cakka 089 {sak~ka.} 0378	चक्र cakra	wheel 'wheel, circle, disk, army, multitude, region, domain' - UPMT 089	1
canda 090 {sûn~da.}	चन्द्र candra	the moon	172-3, 413
candima no entry in UPMT {sûn-di.ma}	चन्द्रमस् candramas	luminous, shiny; the moon	172, 208, 387
citta 091 {sait~ta.} 0389	citra	to be bright, resplendent [diff meaning given in UPMT 091	151, 171
dalha ḍaḷha 110	dridha, [drilha]	resolute, b [to hold fast, bind]	23, 61, 112, 313
dassana 110 {dûþ~þa.na.} 0464	darsana	sight, vision	206, 210
dhamma 115 धम्म {Dûm~ma.} 0495	धर्म dharma	"foundation, support": law, justice, doctrine, nature, truth, etc. UHS 0495	passim
dhuva 116 {Du.wän} 0503	dhruva	permanent, constant (aka the Pole Star)	147
gandhabba 084 {gûn~D~b~ba.} 0357	gandharva	heavenly musician: angelic being, demigod	105, 420
iddhi 042 {AId~Di.} 0194	iriddhi, siddhi	potency, accomplishment; psychic power(s)	175
kamma 068 {kam~ma.} 0294	karman	doing, action, result of action	passim
khattiya 081 {hkût~ti.ya.} 0343	kshatriya	warrior or ruling caste	294
khetta 083 {hkít~ta.} 0351	kshetra	field	356-9
kodha 079 {kau:Da.} 0338	krodha	anger	Canto XVII
makara 164 {ma.ka.ra.} 0743	मकरः (makaraH) {ma.ka.ra:}	m. mythical fish, sea monster; crocodile; {ma.kan:} (UPMT-PED164; UHS-PMD0743; SpokenSkt)
macca 165 {mic~sa.} 0747	martya	mortal	53, 141, 182
maccu 165 {mic~su.} 0747	mrityu	death; also god of death; cf mara, yama	passim
magga 164 {mag~ga.} 0744	marga	path	Canto XX
metta mettā 174 {mít~ta} 0786	maitra	compassionate, friendly	368
micchaditthi micchādiṭṭhi] 172 /  {maic~hsa-daiT~HTi.} 0776	mithyadrishti	wrong views, heresy	167, 316
nibbana 122 {naib~ba.na.} 0532	nirvana*	dousing (of a flame), dying out of raga, dosa and moha, the three basic character defects	passim
	*This is not a negative state, but a condition beyond ordinary comprehension. It is the annihilation of craving, hatred, and ignorance.
pabbajita {pûb~ba.zi.ta.} 0607	pravrajita	a homeless monk	74, 388
pakinnaka pakiṇṇaka 127	pakirnaka	scattered, miscellaneous	Canto XXI
pana pāna 148 {pa-Na.} 0658	prana	breath of life, vitality	246-7
Patimokkha pātimokkha 148 {pa-ti.mauk~hka.} 0659	Pratimoksha	monastic precepts; discipline (Vinaya) for monks	185, 375
piya 151 {pi-ya.} 0672	priya	dear, friend, amiable	Canto XVI
putta 152 {poat~ta.} 0679	putra	son, young of animal, offspring	62, 84, 345
sabba 220 {þûb~ba.} 0975	sarva	all, whole	129-30, 183, 353-4
saddha-assaddha saddhā 217 {þûd~Da} 0963	sraddha	faith, trust, devotion not credulous or dependent on faith	8,144, 97
sagga 209 {þag~ga.} 0940	svarga	heaven (meaning given in source is misleading} UHS gives 'abode of Nat' - UHS-PMD0940	174
sahassa 233 {þa.hûþ~þa.} 1018	sahasra	a thousand	Canto VIII
samana samaṇa  221 {þa.ma.Na.} 0981	sramana	religious recluse	184, 265
sota 246 {þau:ta.} 1071	srotas	stream	339-40
tanha taṇhā 102 {taNha} 0428	trishna	thirst, craving	154, 334, 349
vagga 185 {wag~ga.} 0839	varga	chapter, section; all chapter headings	all chapter headings
vana vaṇa 186 {wa.Na.} 0845	vrana	wound, sore	124

UKT: I have picked up Sanskrit only in 2009 as one of the languages of interest after Burmese, English, and Pali - BEP for short. And now my languages of interest have become BEPS (Burmese, English, Pali and Sanskrit). Since I am already advanced in age (77 as of 110817) and had no chance of going to school to learn Sanskrit, I had to set out on a journey on my own. It is indeed a wonderous journey. My primary aim is  to spell out the Sanskrit words in Devanagari and not to rely on English transliterations-cum-transcription.
End of excerpt from Sanskrit English Dictionary  in preparation by the same authors.
Posted on: 110606.

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Related link:
• TIL Multimedia Group http://www.tilmyanmar.com/
  Contact person:
    Daw Thet Thet Theint Han, M.Sc (Zoology), Dip.CA.
    35 Thantadalan, Sanchung, Yangon, Myanmar
    Phones: 01-527388, 09-5163649

End of TIL file